Hydrogen Gas Cylinder
High-Pressure Hydrogen Gas Cylinders (Type III & Type IV)
Engineered for heavy-duty commercial transport, hydrogen refueling infrastructure, and bulk gas logistics. Designed to withstand cyclic pressure demands up to 70 MPa with certified compliance to global transport and stationary standards.
Technical Specifications & Configuration Matrix
Type III Composite Cylinders (Aluminum Liner + Carbon/Glass Fiber Wrap)
Specified for stationary storage cascades, tube trailers, and industrial gas distribution manifolds.
|
Model Code |
Water Capacity (L) |
Nominal Working Pressure (MPa) |
Test Pressure (MPa) |
Outer Diameter (mm) |
Overall Length (mm) |
Empty Weight (kg) |
Liner Material |
Standard Compliance |
|
HC3-150-35 |
150 |
35 |
52.5 |
412 |
1685 |
54.0 |
Al 6061-T6 |
ISO 11119-2 / DOT-SP |
|
HC3-320-35 |
320 |
35 |
52.5 |
500 |
2050 |
118.5 |
Al 6061-T6 |
ISO 11119-2 / TPED |
|
HC3-450-45 |
450 |
45 |
67.5 |
550 |
2580 |
165.0 |
Al 6061-T6 |
ASME VIII-3 |
Type IV Composite Cylinders (Polymer Liner + Carbon Fiber Full Wrap)
Optimized for on-board vehicle integration (FCEV buses and heavy trucks) to maximize gravimetric storage efficiency.
|
Model Code |
Water Capacity (L) |
Nominal Working Pressure (MPa) |
Test Pressure (MPa) |
Outer Diameter (mm) |
Overall Length (mm) |
Empty Weight (kg) |
Liner Material |
Standard Compliance |
|
HC4-175-70 |
175 |
70 |
105.0 |
525 |
1340 |
48.0 |
HDPE |
ISO 11119-3 / UN GTR 13 |
|
HC4-210-70 |
210 |
70 |
105.0 |
525 |
1560 |
57.5 |
HDPE |
ISO 11119-3 / EC 79 |
|
HC4-375-35 |
375 |
35 |
52.5 |
530 |
2250 |
92.0 |
HDPE |
ISO 11119-3 / DOT-SP |
Material & Manufacturing Process Engineering
Structural performance depends on raw material selection and automated filament winding protocols.
Liner Construction:
• Type III: Seamless forged Aluminum Alloy 6061-T6 extrusion, providing high fracture toughness and near-zero gas permeability.
• Type IV: Rotational-molded High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) compounded with anti-permeation additives, engineered to retain dimensional stability under rapid depressurization cycles.
Filament Winding: Computer Numerical Control (CNC) multi-axis wet/dry filament winding utilizing aerospace-grade Toray T700/T800 carbon fiber rovings and toughened epoxy matrix systems. Hoop-to-helical tension ratios are optimized via finite element analysis (FEA) to eliminate micro-voids and stress concentrations.
Boss Metallurgy: Precision-machined 316L stainless steel or 34CrMo4 alloy steel boss interfaces, mechanically locked and O-ring/epoxy sealed to prevent leakage at the liner-to-metal transition zone.
Thermal Curing: Multi-stage thermal curing in programmable convection ovens to ensure complete cross-linking of the epoxy resin matrix without thermal degradation of the polymer liner.
Quality Assurance, Testing & Certifications
Production lots undergo destructive and non-destructive examination (NDE) protocols aligned with international pressure equipment directives.
Non-Destructive Testing (NDT): 100% ultrasonic scanning (UT) for composite wall delamination detection and X-ray inspection of boss-liner joint interfaces.
Type Testing Protocol:
• Hydraulic Burst Test: Verification of minimum burst pressure ratio (>= 2.25 to 3.0 times NWWP).
• Ambient Pressure Cycling: 11,000 to 15,000 fill/empty cycles from 2 MPa to NWWP at 1.25x frequency without structural failure.
• Flaw Tolerance / Drop Test: Impact resistance verification under simulated drop and mechanical shock conditions.
• Bonfire / Thermal Resistance Test: Controlled engulfing fire exposure to verify pressure relief device (PRD) activation and non-fragmentation behavior.
• Extreme Temperature Pressure Cycling: Cycle testing performed at -40 deg C and +85 deg C.
Certifications & Compliance: Manufactured under ISO 9001 and IATF 16949 quality management systems. Product compliance certified by TÜV Rheinland, SGS, and Lloyd's Register to ISO 11119-2/3, UN GTR No. 13, EC 79/2009, and ASME Section X.
Application Matching & Integration Matrix
Selecting the appropriate cylinder architecture depends on operational duty cycles, payload weight restrictions, and spatial constraints.
|
Application Sector |
Typical Operating Scenario |
Recommended Cylinder Type & Pressure |
Primary Engineering Rationale |
|
Heavy-Duty Commercial Transport |
FCEV buses and heavy-duty logistics trucks (on-board storage) |
Type IV (70 MPa / 35 MPa) |
Maximizes payload capacity via a high gravimetric storage efficiency index and low weight. |
|
Hydrogen Refueling Infrastructure |
Stationary storage cascades at refueling stations (HRS) |
Type III / Type IV Large Volume (45 MPa / 50 MPa) |
Accommodates high gas throughput and rapid cyclic pressure fills. |
|
Bulk Gas Logistics |
Mobile tube trailers and transport modules |
Type III (35 MPa) |
Provides high mechanical rigidity, impact resistance, and durability for road transport. |
|
Aerospace & Specialty Power |
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and auxiliary power units (APUs) |
Custom Type IV (Ultra-lightweight) |
Minimizes mass budget under strict weight constraints. |
Supplier Evaluation Checklist for B2B Procurement Engineers
When auditing manufacturers for hydrogen storage vessels, verify the following baseline parameters:
Carbon Fiber Sourcing Traceability
Confirm direct supply contracts with tier-1 carbon fiber producers (e.g., Toray, Hexcel, Zoltek) with batch test certificates.
Liner Permeation Test Data
Request third-party test reports detailing hydrogen gas permeation rates at operational temperatures (cm3/hr/L).
Autoclave & Winding Capacity
Audit annual output capacity, number of independent multi-axis winding machines, and maximum vessel length/diameter processing limits.
Custom Interface Engineering
Ability to customize boss thread geometries (e.g., UNF, metric, NPT) and integrate proprietary thermally activated pressure relief devices (TPRD).
Frequently Asked Questions
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